የማህበራዊ ጥበቃ ፖሊሲ

የኢትዮጵያ መንግስት ህብረተሰባዊ ጥበቃን ሁሉን ያካተተ እና ለማስፋፋት ቁልፍ ከሆኑ መሳሪያዎች ውስጥ አንዱ እንደሆነ እውቅና ሰጥቷል፤ ድሆችን የሚደግፍ ልማት እና ብሔራዊ የማህበራዊ ጥበቃ ፖሊሲ (NSPP) በ 2014 ራዕይ አውጥቷል "ሁሉም ኢትዮጵያውያን በማህበራዊ እና ኢኮኖሚያዊ ደህንነት፣ ጥበቃ እና ማህበራዊ ፍትህ ሲያገኙ ለማየት" ፖሊሲውን ወደ ተግባር ለመቀየር መንግስት በ2016 ብሔራዊ የማህበራዊ ጥበቃ ስትራቴጂ አውጥቷል።

በኢትዮጵያ የማህበራዊ ጥበቃ ስትራቴጂ የገጠር ምርታማ የሴፍቲኔት ፕሮጄክቶችን የትምህርት ቤቶች ምገባ ፣ የማህበረሰብ አቀፍ የጤና መድህን ማስፋፊያ እና የገንዘብ ድጋፍ በማድረግ በ2015/2016 አዳዲስ የከተማ ሴፍቲኔት ፕሮጄክቶችን ለመዘርጋት አስተዋፅኦ አድርጓል።

Poor and vulnerable households receive transfers in the form of cash or food, which is being enabling them to increase their consumption of food, access essential services, and make productive investments. These transfers are conditional for public work and unconditional transfers for permanent direct support clients. Rural Productive Safety Net Project (RPSNP) and the Urban Productive Safety Net Project (UPSNJP) are currently covering more than 9.7 million poor people.

Poor households are supported with demand-led technical and financial support and/or information on employment opportunities, to enable them to improve their on- and off-farm livelihood activities both in Urban and rural areas. In both Urban and Rural PSNP programs, the livelihood component of providing support for business development and livelihood grants through technical, financial, and behavior change approaches including youth groups employment and empowerment.

The expansion of contributory insurance for formal sector workers and innovative insurance products for the rural poor and urban informal workers are enabling people to better manage the risks they face. The two main contributory social protection schemes are public servants’ social security which currently covers about 2.56 million public workers, while the private organization's employees’ scheme has enrolled 1.76 million members covering private enterprises and charity organizations of 4.4 percent of the total population of the country.

Access to health, education, and other social services such as health fee waivers, subsidized community-based health insurance for about 24%, services for persons with disabilities (PWDs), pregnant and lactating women, and school feeding, together with support from an expanded social work system, have been improving access to services for the most vulnerable. Ethiopian Health Insurance currently covers about 70 percent of all the woredas/districts in the country, with more than 9.6 million HHs or 43 million members of the households in both rural and urban areas. Similarly, school feeding also covers more than 1.74 million school children/students from grade 1-8.

This strategic focus area is intended to prevent abuse (child abuse in particular), gender-based violence, exploitation, neglect, and discrimination by providing support and empowering the victims through collaboration among multiple stakeholders. Though various efforts have been made, available services are quite limited and fragmented with poor coordination of stakeholders.